Glossary
5 banking terms —
decoded in plain English.
NIM, GNPA, CASA, DSCR, NNPA — every term that matters, explained without jargon. Built for bankers who want depth, not definitions that insult your intelligence. 50+ more terms shipping monthly.
CASA Ratio
Current Account + Savings Account deposits as a % of total deposits. The higher the CASA ratio, the cheaper a bank's cost of funds — and the stronger its NIM.
DSCR (Debt Service Coverage Ratio)
Debt Service Coverage Ratio — cash available to service debt ÷ total debt service due. DSCR below 1.0x means the borrower can't service debt from operations.
GNPA (Gross NPA)
Gross Non-Performing Assets — loans overdue by 90+ days as a % of total advances. The number every credit analyst watches obsessively. Lower is always better.
NIM (Net Interest Margin)
The spread between what a bank earns on loans and what it pays on deposits. The single most important profitability metric in banking — every basis point moves markets.
NNPA (Net NPA)
Gross NPA minus provisions. The 'real' bad loan number after the bank has set aside reserves. A low NNPA with high PCR = well-provisioned book.